Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology

MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISEASES

A. Konarbayeva, P.V. Tarlykov — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0500

Lysosomal storage diseases, such as Gaucher, Niemann-Pick, Pompe, Krabbe, Fabry, and Mucopolysaccharidoses, are a group of more than 50 rare inherited metabolic diseases caused by dysfunction of lysosomes due to deficiency of specific enzymes. The early and accurate diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases is important for the correct drug administration, genetic counseling, and prevention of severe complications. In Kazakhstan, the diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases is difficult due to limited laboratory capabilities and low prevalence of these diseases among the population. This review discusses modern diagnostic methods, including tandem mass spectrometry, next-generation sequencing, and enzymatic activity tests. For forehanded diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases, it is important to integrate molecular, genetic, and biochemical diagnostic methods, as well as develop national newborn screening programs.

Physiological and morphological changes of heat stress in «Astana» variety of wheat plants: the role of relative water content

Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0500

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely consumed cereal crops in the world. High temperature is one of the important abiotic stresses affecting plant growth because global warming is one of the major problems in the world today. Physiological and biochemical changes occurring in cells under abiotic stress conditions slow down plant growth and development, which ultimately leads to a decrease in wheat yield. The aim of the research was study how heat stress affects wheat growth and to find out the changes in wheat plants shape and functions under high temperature. In this study wheat of the Astana variety was used and a comparison was made between the control plants grown at 25°C and the stressed plants grown at 40°C. As a result of the work morphological and physiological changes were observed. We studied the average length of wheat roots and shoots and relative water content of Astana variety of wheat plants. In stress group roots and shoots of wheat plants were reduced in size compared to control plants and the relative water content of plants grown at optimal temperature was higher compared to plants grown under heat stress.

STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE CHLOROPLAST GENOME OF THE RARE TULIP SPECIES TULIPA ALBERTI, INCLUDED IN THE RED BOOK OF KAZAKHSTAN

Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0500

Tulipa alberti is an important plant species used for ornamental purposes in Asia, Europe, and North Africa. This study reports the complete chloroplast genome features of this endangered species collected from Kazakhstan using Illumina sequencing technology. The results revealed that the T. alberti chloroplast genome is highly conserved. The genome size is 152,006 bp, comprising a pair of inverted repeats (IR) of 26,330 bp, a large single-copy (LSC) region of 82,169 bp, and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,172 bp. The overall GC content is 36.58%. A total of 131 genes were identified, including 85 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. Twenty-eight genes contained introns with lengths ranging from 540 to 2,620 bp. The nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.003257. Analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSR) identified 159 SSR loci in the T. alberti genome, mainly distributed in the LSC region (63.19%), SSC region (18.39%), and IR region (14.37%). Six types of SSR motifs (mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexanucleotides) were detected. The most polymorphic protein-coding (CDS) genes were rpoC2, cemA, rbcL, rpl36, psbH, rps3, rpl22, ndhF, ycf1, and matK, which exhibited high sequence variability (SV = 2.581–6.102) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.004–0.010). Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis revealed both preferred and less frequently used codons. The characterization of the T. alberti chloroplast genome provides valuable insights into the conservation of genetic resources, evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships of this rare species. However, to date, data on the complete sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the chloroplast genome of T. alberti remain limited. This study contributes to biodiversity preservation in Kazakhstan and offers a basis for developing effective conservation strategies at the molecular level.

OPTIMIZATION OF CULTIVATION CONDITIONS FOR RECOMBINANT INFLUENZA A/H5N1 STRAINS EXPRESSING BRUCELLA SPP. ANTIGENS (L7/L12, OMP16, OMP19, CU-ZN-SOD)

Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 +0500

The study presents the results of optimizing cultivation conditions for recombinant influenza A/H5N1 strains (NS1-truncated) expressing Brucella spp. antigens (L7/L12, OMP16, OMP19, CU-ZN-SOD). MDCK and Vero cell lines were used in the experiments. The effects of the infectious dose, incubation temperature, cultivation duration, as well as the effect of protease on viral replication, were determined.

It was found that the optimal conditions for cultivating recombinant influenza A strains expressing Brucella antigens are the use of MDCK cell culture, an infectious dose of 0.01 TCID50/cell, an incubation temperature of 34.0±0.5 °C, a cultivation period of 48 hours, and addition of Trypsin-TPCK at a concentration of 1.5–2.0 μg/mL. Under these conditions, viral infectivity reached ≥5.75 log TCID50/mL, and the hemagglutination titer was 1:32. The genetic stability of the viral constructs was maintained for at least four consecutive passages.

The obtained results can be used in the development and scale-up of influenza vector vaccine production technology.